Abstract:
Urinary system is one of the important part of our body. It is the major organ for waste
material elimination from the body,this system started from the kidney and end to the
uretharal duct that exposed to the external environment. Any dysfunction of this system is
urinary disease. In Bangladesh the severity of this disease is high. Problems in the urinary
system can be caused by aging, illness, or injury. As the person get older, changes in the
kidneys' structure cause them to lose some of their ability to remove wastes from the blood.
Illness or injury can also prevent the kidneys from filtering the blood completely or block the
passage of urine. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a condition in men that affects the
prostate gland. BPH is an enlargement of the prostate gland that can interfere with urinary
function in older men. It causes blockage by squeezing the urethra, which can make it
difficult to urinate .. Most men over age 60 have some BPH, but not all have problems with
blockage. Interstitial cystitis (PBSIIC) is a chronic bladder disorder also known as frequencyurgency-
dysuria syndrome. In this disorder, the bladder wall can become inflamed and
irritated. The inflammation can lead to scarring and stiffening of the bladder, decreased
bladder capacity, pinpoint bleeding, and, in rare cases, ulcers in the bladder lining. Kidney
stones is the term commonly used to refer to stones, or calculi, in the urinary system. Stones
form in the kidneys and may be found anywhere in the urinary system. They vary in size.
Some stones cause great pain while others cause very little. The aim of treatment is to
remove the stones, prevent infection, and prevent recurrence. Both nonsurgical and surgical
treatments are used. Kidney stones affect men more often than women. Prostatitis is
inflammation of the prostate gland that results in urinary frequency and urgency, burning or painful urination, a condition called dysuria, and pain in the lower back and genital area,
among other symptoms. In some cases, prostatitis is caused by bacterial infection and can be
treated with antibiotics. Proteinuria is the presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the
urine. Healthy kidneys take wastes out of the blood but leave in protein. Protein in the urine
does not cause a problem by itself. But it may be a sign that your kidneys are not working
properly. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are caused by bacteria in the urinary tract. Women
get UTIs more often than men. UTIs are treated with antibiotics. Drinking lots of fluids also
helps by flushing out the bacteria.The name of the UTI depends on its location in the urinary tract. An infection in the bladder is caUed cystitis. If the infection is in one or both of the
kidneys, the infection is called pyelonephritis. Urinary incontinence, loss of bladder control,
is the involuntary passage of urine. There are many causes and types of incontinence, and
many treatment options. Treatments range from simple exercises to surgery. Women are
affected by urinary incontinence more often than men. Urinary retention, or bladderemptying
problems. Normally, urination can be initiated voluntarily and the bladder empties
completely. Urinary retention is the abnormal holding of urine in the bladder, causing pain
and discomfort. Causes can include an obstruction in the urinary system, stress, or neurologic
problems. This study was accomplished among the 77 patients of urology department of five
different hospital in Dhaka city.!t was found that the most common type of urinary disease is the urinary tract obstraction that occure due to the mass formation in the urinary tract.About
29% of patients are suffering from this form of disease.Aolong with the urinary problem the
patients are also some associated problem such as asthma, cough ,diabeities etc. As a
treatment of the urinary disesase antibiotic drug such as
cephalosporin,fluroquinolone,penicillin are used.But all of the disease can not be cure by the
drug, in that case surgery is essential.
Description:
This thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Pharmacy (B.Pharm) in East West University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.